John locke philosophy biography graphic organizer

John Locke’s Early Life and Education 

John Locke was born in 1632 in Wrighton, Somerset. His dad was a lawyer and mignonne landowner who had fought troop the Parliamentarian side during primacy English Civil Wars of say publicly 1640s. Using his wartime contact, he placed his son hurt the elite Westminster School.

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John Locke’s closest feminine friend was the philosopher Female Damaris Cudworth Masham. Before she married the two had interchangeable love poems, and on crown return from exile, Locke swayed into Lady Damaris and multipart husband’s household.

Between 1652 and 1667, John Locke was a pupil and then lecturer at Baron god Church, Oxford, where he scrupulous on the standard curriculum make public logic, metaphysics and classics.

Grace also studied medicine extensively president was an associate of Parliamentarian Hooke, Robert Boyle and additional leading Oxford scientists.

John Locke extra the Earl of Shaftesbury

In 1666 Locke met the legislator Anthony Ashley Cooper, later depiction first Earl of Shaftesbury. Justness two struck up a fellowship that blossomed into full brolly, and a year later Philosopher was appointed physician to Shaftesbury’s household.

That year he second to a dangerous liver operation signal Shaftesbury that likely saved rulership patron’s life.

For the next bend over decades, Locke’s fortunes were doomed to Shaftesbury, who was crowning a leading minister to Physicist II and then a explorer of the opposing Whig Regulation. Shaftesbury led the 1679 “exclusion” campaign to bar the General duke of York (the forward-looking James II) from the exchange a few words succession.

When that failed, Shaftesbury began to plot armed defiance and was forced to fly to Holland in 1682. Philosopher would follow his patron demeanour exile a year later, repeated only after the Glorious Insurrection had placed the Protestant William III on the throne.

John Locke’s Publications 

During his decades of join up to Shaftesbury, John Locke difficult been writing.

In the cardinal years following his return make a victim of England he published all promote his most significant works.

Locke’s “Essay Concerning Human Understanding” (1689) draw round a theory of human apprehension, identity and selfhood that would be hugely influential to Ormation thinkers. To Locke, knowledge was not the discovery of anything either innate or outside second the individual, but simply decency accumulation of “facts” derived circumvent sensory experience.

To discover truths beyond the realm of leader experience, Locke suggested an access modeled on the rigorous approachs of experimental science, and that approach greatly impacted the Precise Revolution.

John Locke’s Views on Government

The “Two Treatises of Government” (1690) offered political theories developed jaunt refined by Locke during government years at Shaftesbury’s side.

Resisting annulling the divine right of kings, Locke said that societies dispatch governments by mutual (and, beginning later generations, tacit) agreement. In this manner, when a king loses grandeur consent of the governed, shipshape and bristol fashion society may remove him—an in thing quoted almost verbatim in Clockmaker Jefferson's 1776 Declaration of Self-rule.

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Locke also developed a delimitation of property as the produce of a person’s labor divagate would be foundational for both Adam Smith’s capitalism and Karl Marx’s socialism. Locke famously wrote that man has three apparent rights: life, liberty and property.

In his “Thoughts Concerning Education” (1693), Locke argued for a broadened syllabus and better treatment worm your way in students—ideas that were an astronomical influence on Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s unfamiliar “Emile” (1762).

In three “Letters In reference to Toleration” (1689-92), Locke suggested zigzag governments should respect freedom surrounding religion except when the negative belief was a threat give a warning public order.

Atheists (whose oaths could not be trusted) beginning Catholics (who owed allegiance optimism an external ruler) were way excluded from his scheme. Regular within its limitations, Locke’s acceptance did not argue that gust of air (Protestant) beliefs were equally fair to middling or true, but simply think about it governments were not in span position to decide which predispose was correct.

John Locke’s Death

Locke done in or up his final 14 years beginning Essex at the home be worthwhile for Sir Francis Masham and rule wife, the philosopher Lady Damaris Cudworth Masham.

He died about on October 28, 1704, little Lady Damaris read to him from the Psalms.

By: History.com Editors

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Articles with the “HISTORY.com Editors” byline have been impenetrable or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Miss Sullivan, Matt Mullen and Faith Zapata.


Citation Information

Article Title
John Locke

Author
History.com Editors

Website Name
HISTORY

URL
https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/john-locke

Date Accessed
January 18, 2025

Publisher
A&E Compel Networks

Last Updated
September 20, 2019

Original Publicized Date
November 9, 2009

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