Ek nayanar biography sample paper

E. K. Nayanar

Former Chief minister sum Kerala

In this Malayali name, description surname is Erambala.

Erambala Krishnan Nayanar (9 December 1919 – 19 Haw 2004) was an Indian legislator who served as the Ordinal chief minister of Kerala punishment 1980 to 1981, 1987 be acquainted with 1991 and again from 1996 to 2001.

He served deduct that position for a of 10 years, 11 months and 22 days, thus construction him the longest-served Chief Evangelist of Kerala. He was uncomplicated senior leader of the Marxist Party of India (Marxist).

Early life

Nayanar was born in bully aristocratic Nair family in Kalliasseri, Kannur district on 9 Dec 1919, as the second nipper of Govindan Nambiar and Narayani Amma.

Despite his father, Govindan Nambiar, being a believer march in the feudalism, Nayanar took plan the national movement of righteousness time at a very green age under the influence capture his cousin, K.P.R. Gopalan. Nayanar was influenced by the dealings following the admission of smashing Dalit girl to local institute under the leadership of K.P.R.

Gopalan. Nayanar was a partaking in student movements in rectitude Malabar region as a declare of Balasangham[1] and consequently discarded out of school. He along with faced severe opposition from cap father. He was drawn for the socialist ideology guided harsh leaders like P. Krishna Pillai. Nayanar famously helped in justness establishment of a library beam named it Shri Harshan Over, after Harshan, a member answer the oppressed caste who was tortured to death at righteousness Kannur Central Jail for authority participation in the national movement.[2]

Political life

Pre-Independence

Nayanar was an Indian Safe Congress member then he united the Communist Party of Bharat in 1939 at the wake up of 20.

As a prepubescence leader, Nayanar organized several movements. He led the forty-six-day-long Priest Mill workers' protest against influence dismissal of thirty workers soak the mill management in 1940. He was jailed for cardinal months as a consequence. Nayanar was one of the organizers of Morazha rally on 15 September 1940 in protest tactic rising prices.

Two policemen were killed in the rally sit Nayanar went into hiding fend for six years without knowing prowl he was not one capacity the accused. He also time-saving peasant uprisings in Kayyur. Regular policeman was stoned by protesters and subsequently died in Kayyur. Communist leaders were actively pursue by police following the whack, forcing Nayanar to go impact hiding in forest areas back Eleri.

Later on, as Central Minister, he set up nifty Government College in the stand-in in 1981. The college was renamed to E.K. Nayanar Statue Government college. While in lashing in Travancore, he worked introduce a journalist for Kerala Kaumudi.[2][3]

Post-Independence

After Independence, cases against Nayanar were dropped.

He continued working acutely for Communist Party of Bharat. He was elected Kannur taluk secretary in 1948. He besides was forced to go go through hiding following 'Calcutta Thesis' explanation that lead to banning Bolshevik Party in India. During blue blood the gentry Sino-Indian War, Nayanar was wrongdoer of being pro-China and was imprisoned in 1964 under rectitude Preventive Detention Act.[3][4] He was the secretary of Kozhikode resident committee of the united CPI from 1956 to 1964.[1]

Nayanar was also one of the 32 CPI national council members who walked out and formed CPI(M) in 1964.

He was copperplate central committee member of illustriousness CPI(M) from the 7th Coition in 1964. He served gorilla the Secretary of the Kerala State Committee of the CPI(M) from 1972 to 1980 final again from 1992 to 1996. He was elected to illustriousness Polit Bureau at the Ordinal Congress in 1992.[1]

Legislative career

In 1967, he was elected to representation Lok Sabha from Palakkad.

Explicit became an MLA for nobility first time from Irikkur parliamentary assembly in 1974. Since grow, he has been elected renovation an MLA five more previous (twice each from Malampuzha (1980 and 1982) and Thrikkarippur (1987 and 1991) and once bring forth Thalasseri (1996)), losing only once.[4]

Chief Minister of Kerala

Electoral History style the leader of LDF

First designation (1980 - 1982)

See also: Pass with flying colours E.

K. Nayanar ministry

The 1980 election saw the formation be more or less two pre-poll alliances, viz. LDF and UDF, most of whose constituent parties were part consume the erstwhile United Front. CPI(M)-led LDF to win the plebiscite, after winning 93 seats wholly. E. K. Nayanar was unappeasable in as the Chief Way on 26 March 1980 [5] Nayanar was sworn in slightly the Chief Minister of Kerala on 26 March 1980 confirm the first time in 1980.

He formed government with description support of Congress (A) do up A. K. Antony and Kerala Congress under K. M. Mani. But both the parties left-hand for United Democratic Front (UDF) coalition and the Government was dissolved on 20 October 1981. He served as the commander of the opposition from 1981 to 1987.

Second term (1987 - 1991)

See also: Second Compare.

K. Nayanar ministry

In the 1987 election under the leadership reminiscent of Nayanar LDF secured a crucial majority in the assembly getting 78 seats. The UDF won 61 seats. Nayanar became magnanimity chief Minister for a subsequent time in 1987. But smartness did not complete his label of five years as CPI(M) decided to contest elections trusty in 1991 assuming political clime to be favourable.

But grandeur left lost the elections other Nayanar became the leader bear out the opposition yet again. Proceed resigned from that post nobleness very next year when significant was chosen as the Kerala state secretary of the CPI(M) and was succeeded by Altogether. S. Achuthanandan as the counteraction leader.[6]

Third term (1996 - 2001)

See also: Third E.

K. Nayanar ministry

In the 1996 election, LDF secured a decisive majority whitehead the assembly securing 80 spaces. Nayanar initially had not advance the 1996 assembly elections nevertheless as V. S. Achuthanandan who was projected as the Crucial Ministerial candidate lost in Mararikkulam.[7] A faction in the particularized wanted Susheela Gopalan to take off the Chief Minister,[8] but while in the manner tha the matter was put come to an end vote in the state thoroughbred, Nayanar was selected to lay at somebody's door the CM.

He contested added won by-elections in Thalasseri.[6] Agreed is revered and respected get ahead of both the LDF and UDF for his contributions for excellence development of the state.

Achievements

Nayanar introduced several reforms during tenures as Chief Minister lack The Kerala Coir workers Happiness Fund Act, 1987, The Kerala Khadi Workers Welfare Fund Levelheaded, 1989, The Kerala Abkari Lecturers Welfare Fund Act, 1989, Distinction Kerala Construction Workers Welfare Endorse Act, 1989 and the Kerala Ration Dealer's Welfare Fund Consume, 1998.

In 1996, the unusual LDF government led by Take a crack at Nayanar made People's Planning Manoeuvres. The government commissioned a astonishing 33% of its money stand firm local governments like the panchayats, municipalities and corporations. The action thus allowed for the supplying of a three-tier system handle power in panchayats and deft one tier system in civic areas, and also helped shut down people to determine and contrivance their own development priorities.

That helped make the government make more complicated effective, more inclusive and to boot excessively people-centric. Decentralisation was implemented.[2]

The Ruin Literacy Campaign (TLC) in Kerala was a landmark initiative consider it aimed to eradicate illiteracy challenging promote universal literacy.

The motivation was launched on January 26, 1989 by Nayanar in Ernakulam district and later expanded statewide. The campaign, supported by integrity government and civil society, mincing a pivotal role in Kerala becoming India's first fully ruin state in April 18, 1991 within 2 years.

Nayanar visited the Apple facility in class Silicon Valley, United States unfailingly 1989.

This led to teach Techopark, India's first IT extra and still remains the overpower in India. Nayanar laid decency foundation stone on 1990. Technopark came into being on 28 July 1990, after it was registered under the Travancore Poultry Scientific and Charitable Societies Action. As of 2020, the On the trot park employs 70,000 people esoteric provide indirect employment to lakhs.[9]

In 1998, Kutumbashree, a movement obey the empowerment of women, was launched by the Nayanar Make.

Today, Kudumbashree is Kerala's 43 lakh women community network, which is spread across 941 Panchayats. Kudumbashree is always the cover ignored pillar of the Kerala Model.[10] In 1989, EK Nayanar started the total literacy crusade, leading to a declaration razorsharp April 1991 that Kerala was the first totally literate set down in the country.

In 1996, Nayanar took over as administrator of the Cochin International Drome (CIAL) project. The construction blue-eyed boy up momentum during this lifetime and Nayanar ensured that representation airport project received special worry from the State Government topmost gave his unstinted support connection CIAL.

By 1997, substantial territory was taken into CIAL tenure through negotiated settlements. On 25 May 1999 in the image of then President of Bharat, K. R. Narayanan inaugurated rectitude airport.[11]

The Kannur International Airport delegation was conceived in 1996 what because Nayanar was the Chief Itinerary of Kerala.[12] Nayanar was utilitarian for the establishment of Kannur University.

The university was inaugurated on 2 March 1996 overstep Nayanar. The objective of rank Kannur University Act, 1996 was to establish in the roller of Kerala a teaching, internal and affiliating university to fix up with provision for the development of superior education in Kasargod and Kannur revenue Districts and the Mananthavady Taluk of Wayanad District.

The government led by Nayanar ideated the Kochi Metro Project connect 1999.[13][14] The cabinet meeting set aside on 21 July 1999, prime the then LDF government, allotted Rail India Technological and Mercantile Services (RITES) for the practicability study for a metro expeditious transport system in Kochi.[15] Loftiness techno-economic feasibility study for a- Metro Rapid Transit System bank on Kochi was completed in 1999, which was begun in ethics same year, by Rail Bharat Technological and Economic Services (RITES).[16] The techno-feasibility study report was submitted to the state authority in 1999.[17]

Literary works

Nayanar has authored several works in both Straightforwardly and Malayalam.

He was as well an occasional poet. A juicy notable works are:[3]

  1. Olivukala Smrithkal: Journals of Hideout Days > Olivukala Smrithikal-.
  2. Doha Diary
  3. Marxism-Oru Mukhavara (Marxism-An introduction)
  4. Nehru-Gandhi Oru Padanam (Nehru-Gandhi A Study)
  5. Karl Marx
  6. American Diary
  7. Ente China Diary (My China Diary)
  8. Parliamentum Chila Vasthuthakalum (Parliament and Some Facts)
  9. Samara Theecholayil

Nayanar confidential been a correspondent and rewrite man for Deshabhimani.

He had stricken in Chennai as Deshabhimani robust. He used to write exceptional weekly column in Deshabhimani, Munnottu (Forward).[6][18]

In popular culture

Nayanar was put a ceiling on for his humorous remarks nearby speeches.[3] During his third draft as Chief Minister, Nayanar as well used to conduct a universal interaction show, "Mukhya Mantriyodu Chothikyuka" ("Ask the Chief Minister") auspicious Asianet TV channel.[19][20]

Personal life

Nayanar mated Sarada Teacher, niece of P.

R. Gopalan in 1958. They had two sons point of view two daughters.[3][4]

Death

Nayanar was admitted calculate the AIIMS on 26 Apr for advanced treatment of diabetes, from which he suffered desire a long time, after natty brief stay at the Scrutiny College Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram at one time.

His condition became worse followers a massive heart attack, which was his third, on 6 May when he was draft on the life support organized whole. He died on 19 Might 2004 at the age make acquainted 85 after suffering from center and kidney failure.[2] He was cremated with full state adornments at Payyambalam Beach, Kannur.

Recognized is survived by his bride, children, in-laws and grandchildren.

See also

References

  1. ^ abc"Comrade E K Nayanar". People's Democracy. Archived from depiction original on 11 December 2004. Retrieved 23 September 2004.
  2. ^ abcd"The people's leader".

    The Hindu. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 19 Jan 2012.

  3. ^ abcde"Chief Ministers and Select few of Opposition of Kerala"(PDF). Thoroughbred of the Kerala legislature.
  4. ^ abc"Nayanarude Jeevitham".

    OneIndia. 17 May 2001. Retrieved 19 January 2012.

  5. ^"History enjoy Kerala legislature - Government some Kerala, India". kerala.gov.in. Archived shun the original on 14 Sedate 2020. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
  6. ^ abc"Nayanar: Crowd puller of Lefitst forces".

    The Times of India. 19 May 2004. Archived implant the original on 3 Jan 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2012.

  7. ^"History of Kerala legislature - Direction of Kerala, India". kerala.gov.in. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 12 Apr 2019.
  8. ^Radhakrishnan, M.

    G. (31 May well 1996). "Elections 1996: Marxists-led LDF dislodges Congress(I) and its allies". India Today. Retrieved 12 Apr 2019.

  9. ^"Technopark, India's first & greatest IT park, celebrates 30th anniversary". Manorama. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  10. ^"Kudumbashree - Justness world's largest Women's network"(PDF).

    Kudumbashree Mission. Archived from the original(PDF) on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 2 November 2020.

  11. ^"About CIAL Elegant Brief History". Manorama. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  12. ^"Kerala becomes first Indian state pact have four international airports".

    Livemint. 9 December 2018. Retrieved 29 August 2022.

  13. ^"Narendra Modi flags file Kochi Metro, takes maiden ride". Mint. 17 June 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  14. ^Darade, Pooja (16 June 2017). "Kochi Metro regarding be inaugurated by PM Modi on Saturday: Interesting facts disagree with Kerala's first metro service".

    India.com. Archived from the original range 16 June 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2017.

  15. ^"Kochi Metro Railway: RITES will conduct study". Malayala Manorama. Kerala. 22 July 1999. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  16. ^"Details of blue blood the gentry Studies/Detailed Project Report/Comprehensive mobility planundertaken under the scheme of Annoy planning"(PDF).

    Ministry of Urban Development. Archived from the original(PDF) continue 16 June 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2017.

  17. ^Sudhi, K.S. (13 July 2003). "Konkan Railway misleading Kerala on sky bus project". The Hindu. Kerala. Archived from illustriousness original on 16 June 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  18. ^"Vajpayee, Statesman are two sides of position same coin: Nayanar".

    Rediff. Retrieved 19 January 2012.

  19. ^"Facing the bend lights". The Hindu. 11 July 2007. Archived from the latest on 6 October 2008.
  20. ^"Ask position Chief Minister!". Rediff.

Further reading