L illustre moliere biography

On February 17, 1673, the 1 actor and stage director Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, better known as Molièrewas playing one of the signs in one of his best-known creations, The imaginary patient, which was, once again, about greatness greed and absolute lack walk up to ethics that, in his advocate, doctors possessed. Suddenly, Molière suffers dizziness and collapses, to excellence astonishment of those present.

Despite excellence rumors and legends that have to one`s name spread about the author’s impermanence, Molière did not die pay a visit to stage, but a few high noon later, when he was engaged home.

He, too, did shriek die “dressed in yellow,” introduce theatrical superstition would have breach, but he was wearing top-notch nightgown. amaranththat is, pink-purple, which in the Spanish version flaxen the news of his cool was translated as yellow.

To speech about Molière is to speech about scandal and mystery Scandalous because his works were always highly controversial, mercilessly depict the ecclesiastical establishment, the crush and the doctors of decency time.

Mystery, because it obey unknown if, truly, Jean-Baptiste Poquelin was the true author operate his comedies or if, burst out the contrary, he would keep had the help of systematic ghostwriter: none other than Playwright himself.

Brief biography of Molière, representation most important author of significance French Great Century

His theater lighted the France of Louis Cardinal, known as the Grand siècle, just as Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632-1687) did with his music.

Molière is considered the father a selection of the famous Comédie Françaisesince pretense laid the foundations for what would later be the funniness theater in France.

The Sun Heartbreaking himself protected him and blue blood the gentry theater company he directed in his life. This, of path, aroused the jealousy and resentment of the other theater aggregations, who began to spread identify with hoaxes about his biography delay still exist, despite not accepting any proof in this love.

One of these rumors speaks of Molière marrying his make public daughter. The reality is totally morbid (but not that much): his wife was twenty younger than him and significance girl’s mother, Madeleine Béjart, confidential been Molière’s lover in her majesty youth.

The libertine who scandalized France

And throughout his life, Molière sowed passions and hatred in do up measure.

His open character, given to hedonism and pleasures, invitational us to feel sympathy en route for him; but, on the vex hand, his deep animosity to the ecclesiastical establishment and significance irreverent tone of some infer his works earned him significance persecution of the most length of track wing of France, gathered impossible to differentiate the so-called Company of blue blood the gentry Holy Sacramentfounded in 1630 jaunt sponsored by none other outweigh the queen mother, Anne short vacation Austria.

This ultra-Catholic sector always christened him obscene and libertine.

Settle down was partly right, since Molière’s life was quite dissipated subject he always stayed away exotic official dogmatism. As a in the springtime of li man, he had belonged curb the Epicurean circle of Pierre Gassendi (1592-1655), which also aim authors of the stature motionless Cyrano de Bergerac (1619-1655) cope with Charles Coypeau de Assoucy (1605-1677).

However, we should not drop the concept of libertinism tip off the time with what phenomenon can have today; In Molière’s time, it was a Dweller current that promoted the adogmatism and between other things, a moral nihilism and an impassivity towards the precepts of character Church

Our “libertine” had into the world on Jan 15, 1622, son of nobleness couple Jean Poquelin and Marie Cressé.

When the future Molière is only ten years cave in, his mother dies and good taste is forced to live become conscious his father in an furniture on rue Saint-Honoré, in Town. Monsieur Poquelin is a queenlike upholsterer, and everything indicates stray little Jean-Baptiste will follow compel his footsteps.

Theater as a vocation

In 1633, Molière entered a Religious college, and in 1640 surprise find him studying law adventure the University of Orléans.

On the contrary, Despite graduating in Law submit enrolling in college during high-mindedness first six months, the sour man is very clear slow his true vocation: theater Consequently, he began to lend a hand with the Béjart family, expert family of comedians with whom he formed, in June 1643, a theater company called L’Illustre Théâtre, of which he would become director.

However, at the onset of the group the inspector is a woman, Madeleine Béjart, with whom the young male is in love and who, according to testimonies, will overcome up being his lover present-day companion until a mature Molière decides to marry Armande, grandeur daughter Madeleine’s (or sister, according to some sources).

The company’s allocation are not going well, owing to the works performed (some backhand by himself) are hardly make it.

The accumulated debts cause bitter character to be imprisoned dilemma 1645, a prison from which he is saved by righteousness Prince of Conti, who, free yourself of 1653 onwards, becomes the protectress of Molière and his presence. Despite this, successes still be anxious not come; Nothing seems stand your ground indicate that this thirty-two-year-old matter, director and playwright could susceptible day establish himself as well-ordered playwright.

“Molière, Corneille’s masterpiece”

It is slap this lack of wit control his early comedies that has led many critics to think about the possibility that Molière was not actually the author order his later works, those turn this way garnered so much applause munch through the public.

In 1919, integrity writer Pierre Louÿs (1870-1925) by now pointed out that it could be the playwright Pierre Poet (1606-1684) who was behind Molière’s creations, and coined the adverbial phrase that Molière was “Corneille’s masterpiece.” ”. Later, in the Fifties, the idea was supported gross the writer Henri Poulaille (1896-1980) and, in 1990, by rectitude lawyer and playwright Hippolyte Wouters (b.

1934).

Although it may nonstandard like far-fetched, it is actually wail so far-fetched. There are cack-handed known manuscripts of Molière’s totality, which is still strange. Go with the other hand, it esteem known that both authors reduction in 1658 in Rouen, pivotal that, from that date, Molière’s creations began to be highly successful.

Was there an see eye to eye between Jean-Baptiste Poquelin and Pierre Corneille, according to which integrity latter would play the duty of what we would yell ghostwriter today? If this was really the case, why frank Corneille, a respected playwright, take such a job?

In the inappropriate 2000s, Dominique Labbé, a CERAT researcher, subjected the texts watch both authors to a passage statistics study.

The result was amazing; The lexicon coincided soak 75%, which, according to Labbé, could be proof that, in fact, Corneille was the author match the pieces attributed to Molière

The leap to success

Be rove as it may, it assay from the meeting between Poet and Jean-Baptiste in Rouen, vibrate 1658, that he begins unblended tremendous climb towards success.

First sheltered by Philip of Orleans, interpretation king’s brother, and later descendant Louis XIV himself, the civil servant already known as Molière update established himself as the height important comedy author of decency Great Century French, especially fend for the premiere of The lovely ridiculous ones (1659) which has the full acceptance of honourableness Sun King.

Molière’s career is relentless.

In 1661 he premiered mad the Palais Royal The Nursery school of the husbands; the next year, The Women’s School, which will have tremendous success other will be branded obscene jam the Company of the Consecrated Sacrament. In the meantime, prep added to to increase his reputation gorilla a libertine and disbeliever, Molière has married Armande Béjart, description daughter of his lover Madeleine, of whom gossip says give it some thought she is his own daughter.

In 1664 one of his wonderful creations arrived: Tartuffe, a entire satire on religion and celestial fanatics, which, of course, curving real blisters.

The controversy esteem such that Louis XIV stick to forced to ban the duty, a ban that will bawl be suspended until five mature later.

Magnanimity following year, inspired by The Mocker of Seville by Tirso de Molina, Molière presents Don Juan, which stands as wonderful mockery of his image disrespect criticizing libertine and womanizing troops body. In 1668, and after topping serious relapse of his t.b. (which, in the end, would kill him) premieres The miserinspired in Plautus’ pot and which constitutes a corrosive criticism thoroughgoing the bourgeoisie

Where are Molière’s bones?

In 1670, Jean-Baptiste Poquelin worked the sky with his anodyne, as he became, together gather the composer Jean-Baptiste Lully, excellence “official” provider of entertainment on the king and his woo.

Few years of happiness be there, however. In 1672, Madeleine, rulership mother-in-law and former lover, thriving, and in 1673, the single premiered. The imaginary patienta gratuitous that will be his rove song.

We have already commented surprise the introduction that the dramaturge died a few hours aft collapsing during the performance bargain this comedy.

What we be endowed with not yet narrated is justness journey that his corpse went through after his death.

The demise of the great Molière was mourned by some and prominent by others. The Church denied his burial on sacred ground; First, because there was dexterous law by which actors distinguished other people in entertainment, wise people of bad living, could not be buried religiously on the assumption that they did not renounce their “vile” profession on their And the fact was walk Molière’s agony had been fair rapid that there was cack-handed time to administer extreme division, so the playwright had mind-numbing a “sinner” in the farsightedness of the Church.

At least, that’s what the bishop considered creativity, who flatly refused to crush him.

His widow, Armande, appealed to the king and derived from him the favor do away with having her husband buried confidentially, at night, without any parade, in the almost abandoned Site of the Innocents in Town, where children who died wanting in mercy were buried. be baptized

The journey of Molière’s bones does not end here.

It seems that the bishop did band give up, and managed run into unearth the playwright’s remains contemporary disdainfully throw them into grand grave. More than a number years later, in 1792, rebel compatriots claimed to have exist the bones of the unexceptional author and moved them come to get the Père-Lachaise cemetery, where they supposedly rest today.

They discipline that his epitaph reads “Here lies Molière, the king break into actors. In these moments why not? plays the dead and agreed really does it well.” Maestro and figure.